Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal; action depends on ability to reach and bind penicillin-binding proteins located in bacterial cytoplasmic membranes. Cephalosporins inhibit bacterial septum and cell wall synthesis, probably by acylation of membrane-bound transpeptidase enzymes. This prevents cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains, which is necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. Also, cell division and growth are inhibited, and elongation of susceptible bacteria and lysis frequently occur. Rapidly dividing bacteria are those most susceptible to the action of cephalosporins.
Pharmacokinetics: Widely distributed throughout the body and reach therapeutic concentrations in most tissues and body fluids, including synovial, pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal fluids, bile; sputum and urine. Also distributed into bone, the gall bladder, the myocardium, and skin and soft tissue. Most cephalosporins cross the placenta and are distributed into breast milk.